GLP-1
Also known as: glucagon-like peptide-1
Definition
GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a gut hormone released after eating that stimulates insulin, slows gastric emptying, and reduces appetite.
GLP-1 is produced by L-cells in the small intestine and colon in response to food. It signals the pancreas to release insulin, suppresses glucagon, slows how quickly the stomach empties, and acts on appetite centres in the brain to promote fullness.
GLP-1 receptor agonist medications mimic this hormone at much higher and longer-lasting levels than the body produces naturally, which is why appetite falls 30–50% on treatment.